Introduction
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a transformative medical procedure designed to help individuals and couples overcome infertility. According to experts, understanding the process step-by-step can remove the fear and anxiety often associated with the treatment.
When is IVF Recommended?
- Male Factor Infertility: Low sperm count or motility.
- Female Factor Infertility: Blocked tubes, advanced maternal age, or poor egg quality.
- Unexplained Infertility: When treatments like IUI have failed.
The Step-by-Step IVF Process
Step 1: Investigation & Optimization
Before starting, both partners undergo detailed testing for infections. Doctors often prescribe supplements to improve egg and sperm health.
Step 2: Baseline Scan & Stimulation
On day 2 of the menstrual cycle, a Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS) is performed. Hormonal injections begin to stimulate follicle growth.
Step 3: Monitoring
Around day 5, monitoring begins to track follicle size and adjust medication dosages.
Step 4: The Trigger Injection
Once follicles reach ~18mm, a trigger injection is given to mature the eggs.
Step 5: Egg Retrieval
34–36 hours later, eggs are retrieved under light sedation. A sperm sample is provided on the same day.
Step 6: Fertilization (IVF vs. ICSI)
Fertilization occurs via conventional mixing or ICSI (direct sperm injection).
Step 7: Embryo Transfer
The healthiest embryo is placed into the uterus. This is a painless process and can often be viewed live via ultrasound.
The Final Step: The Pregnancy Test
After 12–14 days of hormonal support, a Beta-HCG blood test confirms the pregnancy.
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